Raymond Williams and “Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory” Raymond Williams and “Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory” Raymond Williams’s essay “Base and Superstructure in Marxist Cultural Theory” is one of the most important works in modern cultural studies and Marxist ...
Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer’s The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception The essay “The Culture Industry: Enlightenment as Mass Deception” is one of the most influential and challenging texts w...
Antonio Gramsci’s “The Formation of the Intellectual” Antonio Gramsci’s “The Formation of the Intellectual” Antonio Gramsci’s essay “The Formation of the Intellectual”, written in his Prison Notebooks during the late 1920s and early 1930s, is one of the most important texts in modern social and poli...
Roland Barthes’ “The Death of the Author” Roland Barthes’ “The Death of the Author” Roland Barthes’s short but very influential essay “The Death of the Author” (written in 1967 and published in 1968) changed the way people read and understand literature. Barthes does not mean that writers no longer ...
Ania Loomba’s Colonialism/Postcolonialism Ania Loomba’s Colonialism/Postcolonialism Ania Loomba’s book Colonialism/Postcolonialism is one of the most widely used and respected introductions to postcolonial studies. The main aim of the book is to help readers understand colonialism not just as a hist...